Physical Sciences at U.S. Universities -
Harvard, Caltech, Stanford - Stand Out
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This is the second of a two-part series ranking the top U.S.
universities in each of 21 fields according to citations-per-paper measures of papers
published between 1993 and 1997. The first part of the series presented rankings in the
biological sciences, listing the 10 highest-impact universities in nine fields (see Science
Watch, 9[5]:1-2, September/October
1998.) This installment features 12 rankings (11 in tabular form and one in the text
below) in the physical and social sciences. Physics and chemistry appear below, with the
other tables on page 2. All rankings are based on
"relative citation impact"—that is, each university’s average
citations-per-paper score for the five-year period compared, on a percentage basis,
against the world impact average in each field. These rankings derive from exclusive
publication and citation data on over 100 U.S. universities from ISI’s University
Science Indicators on Diskette, 1981-1997.
In the overall rankings, as Science Watch
reported in the first installment, Harvard took top honors, appearing in 17 of the 21
rankings. Stanford was second overall with 13 top-ten showings, while Caltech recorded 11
placements. Collectively, the overall top 11 universities (Harvard, Stanford, Caltech,
Yale, the University of Michigan, MIT, the University of California (UC) at Berkeley, the
University of Washington, UC Santa Barbara, Cornell, and UC San Diego) accounted for 98
top-ten appearances, nearly half of the 210 spots in the 21 lists.
In the rankings presented here, four
universities in particular stand out. Caltech and Harvard appear in nine of the listings,
Stanford in eight, and Yale in seven. Harvard and Stanford both appear among the top ten
in Education, the one field that, because of space limitations, is not represented by a
table. Among those universities that published at least 100 papers in ISI-indexed
Education journals between 1993 and 1997, the University of Michigan ranked highest in
relative impact, scoring 156% above the world average. Michigan State was next (153% above
the world average), followed by: Stanford (+126), the University of Maryland, College Park
(+81), the University of Illinois, Urbana (+81), Purdue (+79), Harvard (+73), UCLA (+69),
the University of Illinois, Chicago (+66), and the University of Pittsburgh (+66).
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