"New Hubble Space Telescope discoveries of type Ia
supernovae at z [greater than or equal to] 1: Narrowing constraints on the
early behavior of dark energy," by Adam G. Riess and 20 others,
Astrophysical Journal, 659(1): 98-121, 10 April 2007.
[Authors' affiliations: 10 U.S. institutions]
Abstract: "We have discovered 21 new Type Ia supernovae
(SNe Ia) with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and have
used them to trace the history of cosmic expansion over the last 10 billion
yr. These objects, which include 13 spectroscopically confirmed SNe Ia at z
>= 1, were discovered during 14 epochs of reimaging of the GOODS fields
North and South over 2 yr with the Advanced Camera for Surveys on
HST. Together with a recalibration of our previous
HST-discovered SNe Ia, the full sample of 23 SNe Ia at z >= 1
provides the highest redshift sample known. Combining these data with
previous SN Ia data sets, we measured H (z) at discrete, uncorrelated
epochs, reducing the uncertainty of H (z > 1) from 50% to under 20%,
strengthening the evidence for a cosmic jerk- the transition from
deceleration in the past to acceleration in the present. The unique
leverage of the HST high-redshift SNe Ia provides the first
meaningful constraint on the dark energy equation-of-state parameter at z
>= 1. The result remains consistent with a cosmological constant [w (z)
d - 1] and rules out rapidly evolving dark energy (dw/dz > 1). The
defining property of dark energy, its negative pressure, appears to be
present at z > 1, in the epoch preceding acceleration, with similar to
98% confidence in our primary fit. Moreover, the z > 1 sample-averaged
spectral energy distribution is consistent with that of the typical SN Ia
over the last 10 Gyr, indicating that any spectral evolution of the
properties of SNe Ia with redshift is still below our detection threshold."
This 2007 report from Astrophysical Journal was cited
37 times in current journal articles indexed by
Clarivate during September-October 2008. With its latest two-month
total, this is currently the third-most-cited physics paper, aside from
reviews, published in the last two years. Prior to the most recent
bimonthly count, citations to the paper have accrued as follows:
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