[Author's affiliations: 14 U.S., U.K., and Canadian institutions]
From the Abstract: "The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy
Probe (WMAP) 5-year data provide stringent limits on
deviations from the minimal, six-parameter. cold dark matter model. We
report these limits and use them to constrain the physics of cosmic
inflation via Gaussianity, adiabaticity, the power spectrum of primordial
fluctuations, gravitational waves, and spatial curvature. We also constrain
models of dark energy via its equation of state, parity-violating
interaction, and neutrino properties, such as mass and the number of
species. We detect no convincing deviations from the minimal model....We
obtain tight, simultaneous limits on the (constant) equation of state of
dark energy and the spatial curvature of the universe: -0.14 < 1 + w(0)
< 0.12 (95% CL) and -0.0179 < Omega(k) < 0.0081 (95% CL). We
provide a set of "WMAP distance priors," to test a variety of dark
energy models with spatial curvature. We test a time-dependent w with a
present value constrained as -0.33 < 1 + w(0) < 0.21 (95% CL).
Temperature and dark matter fluctuations are found to obey the adiabatic
relation to within 8.9% and 2.1% for the axion-type and curvaton-type dark
matter, respectively. The power spectra of TB and EB correlations constrain
a parity-violating interaction, which rotates the polarization angle and
converts E to B. The polarization angle could not be rotated more than -5
degrees.9 < Delta alpha < 2 degrees.4 (95% CL) between the decoupling
and the present epoch. We find the limit on the total mass of massive
neutrinos of Sigma m(v) < 0.67 eV (95% CL), which is free from the
uncertainty in the normalization of the large-scale structure data. The
number of relativistic degrees of freedom (dof), expressed in units of the
effective number of neutrino species, is constrained as N-eff = 4.4 +/- 1.5
(68%), consistent with the standard value of 3.04. Finally, quantitative
limits on physically-motivated primordial non-Gaussianity parameters are -9
< f(NL)(local) < 111 (95% CL) and -151 < f(NL)(equil) < 253
(95% CL) for the local and equilateral models, respectively."
This 2009 paper from Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series was
cited 143 times in current journal articles indexed by
Clarivate during May-June 2009. Thanks to its latest citation total,
this report is currently the most-cited physics paper published in the last
two years, aside from reviews—a noteworthy achievement for a paper
still in its first year of publication. Prior to the most recent bimonthly
count, citations to the paper have accrued as follows:
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